Textile guide
From fibre to finished garment
How a textile is made, step by step, and what each step means for the product you buy. Each chapter ends with the terms it explains and where to see the work in our production.
- 9chapters
- 35minutes of reading
- 162terms explained
Contents
Chapter 013 min readWhat a textile isEvery textile passes from fibre to yarn, to fabric, to a finished product. You will learn the four ways to make fabric, the units each stage is bought in, and where a fabric’s quality is decided.From fibre to finished product · Four ways to make fabric · The units a buyer meets · Where quality is decided
Chapter 024 min readNatural and man-made fibresFibre sets the limits for everything made from it. You will learn how the main fibres compare, how cotton is classed, what organic, Better Cotton and recycled claims mean, and why fibres are blended.Natural and man-made · Cotton in depth · Organic, Better Cotton, recycled · Blends and why they exist
Chapter 034 min readFrom fibre to yarnYarn decides how a fabric looks, feels and wears. You will learn how yarn is spun, how to read a count, what twist does, and what a yarn test report says.The spinning stages · Spinning systems · Count, twist and ply · Special yarns · Reading a yarn test report
Chapter 044 min readFrom yarn to fabricYarn becomes fabric by weaving or knitting; without yarn, fibres are bonded. You will learn the basic weaves and knits, how a fabric is specified, and how to choose between knitted and woven for a product.Weaving · Knitting · Nonwovens · Specifying a fabric · Knitted or woven?
Chapter 054 min readColourColour can go in at any stage from polymer to finished garment, and each choice changes cost, lead time and risk. You will learn where colour goes in, which dyes suit which fibres, how textiles are printed, and how a colour is approved.Where colour goes in · Dye classes and fibres · Printing · Colour approval
Chapter 064 min readFinishingWhat happens to fabric between the knitting machine and the cutting table, and what each finish gives the buyer. By the end you will know which shrinkage and spirality limits to write into a specification.Preparation before dyeing · Mechanical and chemical finishes · Shrinkage and spirality · Tubular or open-width
Chapter 074 min readFrom fabric to garmentHow a garment is defined, sampled, cut, sewn, decorated and packed, and why its standard minute value sets both its price and its lead time.The development package · Samples, in order · Cutting and sewing · Decoration, labels and packing · Standard minute value
Chapter 084 min readQuality and testingWhat is tested at each stage from fibre to garment, what the results mean, and how a buyer checks a lot and a certificate.Fibre and yarn · Fabric · Garments and AQL sampling · Common test standards · Certificates and audits- Chapter 094 min readHow to specify and orderWhat a complete request for yarn, knitted fabric or garments contains, the approvals between request and bulk, and the commercial terms and documents that come with a shipment.A request for yarn · A request for fabric or garments · Approvals, MOQ and lead time · Delivery and payment terms · Documents and a final check
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